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Home About Us 5 Days Forecast Midday Forecast Education Center Contact Us   Tuesday, September 07, 2010
Today's Weather
General Weather: Normal summer weather , but dust haze at first.
Wind: Mainly n'ly 05 to 10kt reaching 10 to 15kt at times.
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Radar
 
Education Centre
 
General Meteorology : Air Masses -  Cold Front -  Fog -  High Pressure -  Humidity -  Introduction to Weather -  Large Thunderstorms -  lightning -  Low-Pressure -  Meteorology -  Occlusion Fronts -  Rain -  Sea Breaze & Land Breaze -  Temperature -  The Water Cycle -  Tornadoes -  Warm Front -  Wind
Clouds : Cirrus -  Clouds -  Cumulus -  Cumulonimbus - 
Radar : General -  Radar Technology -  Attenuation in the atmosphere -  Velocity measurements -  Sources of error -  Optimizing radar characteristics -  Radar installation -  Precipitation measurements
  1. Optimizing radar characteristics

    Typical weather radar characteristics

    The characteristics of typical radars used in general weather applications are given in Table 9.7. As discussed, the radar characteristics and parameters are interdependent. The technical limits on the radar components and the availability of manufactured components are important considerations in the design of radar systems.

    Type Z only Doppler Z only Doppler Microburst
    Band C C S S C
    Freque-y (GHz) 5.6 5.6 3.0 2.8 5.6
    Wavekngth (cm) 5.33 5.33 10.0 10.7 5.4
    Peak Mwer (kw) 250 250 500 1000 250
    Pulse length (s) 2.0 0.5,2.0 0.25,4.0 1.57,4.5 1.1
    PRF (Hz) 250-300 250-1200 200-800 300-1 400 235-20 00
    Receiver Log Log/Lin Log Log/Lin Log/Lin
    MDS (dbm) -105 -105 -110 -113 -106
    Antenna diameter (m) 3.7 6.2 3.7 8.6 7.6
    Beamwidth (°) 1.1 0.6 1.8 1.0 0.5
    Gain (dB) 44 48 38.5 45 5 1
    Polarization H H H H H
    Rotation -rate (rpm) 6 1-6 3 6 5

    The Z only types are the conventional non-coherent pulsed radars in use for decades, and which are still very useful. The Doppler radars are the new generation of radars that add a new dimension to the observations. They provide estimates of radial velocity. The microDoppler radars are radars developed for better detection of small-scale microbursts and tornadoes over very limited areas, such as for air terminal protection.

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